Difference Between Typesetting and Formatting

Formatting focuses on the overall look and feel of the document. Formatting involves:

• Text Appearance: Font type, size, weight (bold, italic), color.
• Paragraph Style: Indentation, line spacing, alignment (left, right, center, justify).
• Page Layout: Margins, header and footer, page numbering.
• Document Structure: Use of headings, subheadings, bullet points, numbering.
• Visual Elements: Placement and styling of images, tables, charts, and other graphical elements.

Formatting can be achieved by using word processors or text editors that support rich-text formatting.

Typesetting includes all aspects of formatting but delves deeper into the finer details of text placement and layout. Some aspects of typesetting include:

1. Text Justification: Adjusting the spacing between words and characters to ensure text aligns neatly along the margins.
2. Kerning: Adjusting the space between individual characters.
3. Leading: Adjusting the vertical space between lines of text.
4. Widows and Orphans: Managing single lines of text that appear at the beginning or end of a page to avoid awkward breaks.
5. Hyphenation: Controlling how and when words are broken across lines.
6. Ensuring that the block of text on each facing page ends on the same row.
7. Reducing vertical gaps in paragraphs. 

Typesetting is typically done using specialized software like Adobe InDesign, LaTeX, and QuarkXPress, which offer precise control over the placement and appearance of text and images.

Formatting is simpler and involves basic styling to give the document a clean look. It is more accessible and can be done by anyone using a word processor.

Typesetting is more complex and technical, involves fine-tuning text to enhance readability. It requires specialised software designed for detailed control over text and layout. This is normally done by typesetting professionals.